— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位術後疼痛病人。哪項非藥物舒適措施最適合執行？
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing post-operative pain. Which non-pharmacologic comfort measure is most appropriate to implement?
- AProviding a high-protein meal to boost mood提供高蛋白餐點以提升情緒
- BApplying a heat pack directly to the surgical incision將熱敷包直接敷於手術切口
- CUsing guided imagery and relaxation techniques✓ 正解使用引導式想像與放鬆技巧
- DEncouraging the client to walk a long distance鼓勵病人長距離行走
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
術後疼痛管理的核心在於採用多模式止痛（Multimodal analgesia），非藥物介入能有效輔助藥物，降低對鴉片類藥物的依賴。引導式想像（Guided imagery）與放鬆技巧能透過轉移注意力及降低交感神經活性，有效減緩術後焦慮與疼痛感知。臨床上，護理師應評估病人的認知能力與偏好，並在疼痛程度輕至中度或作為藥物之補充時執行。過度的活動可能導致傷口裂開，熱敷切口可能增加出血或感染風險，進食則無直接止痛效果，故應優先考慮心理行為療法。
Guided imagery and relaxation techniques are appropriate non-pharmacologic measures for post-operative pain as they help reduce anxiety and pain perception through distraction and sympathetic nervous system modulation. Other options like applying heat to incisions or encouraging excessive walking pose risks of infection, bleeding, or wound disruption.