— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
下列哪位病人需要護理師啟動空氣傳染隔離防護？
Which of the following clients requires the nurse to implement airborne precautions?
- AA client with influenza患有流感的病人
- BA client with scabies患有疥瘡的病人
- CA client with MRSA患有耐甲氧西林金黃色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的病人
- DA client with Mycobacterium tuberculosis✓ 正解患有結核分枝桿菌病的病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
空氣傳播隔離（Airborne Precautions）專用於病原體可經由空氣微粒傳播的疾病，如結核病（TB）、麻疹或水痘。這類病原體能長時間懸浮於空氣中。肺結核病人需安置於負壓隔離病房，護理師進入時必須佩戴 N95 口罩。其他選項如流感為飛沫傳染，MRSA 為接觸傳染，疥瘡為接觸傳染，皆不需啟動空氣傳播隔離。
Airborne precautions are required for pathogens transmitted via small particles that remain suspended in the air, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clients with TB need negative-pressure isolation rooms and healthcare providers must wear N95 respirators. Other options like influenza, MRSA, and scabies require droplet or contact precautions instead.