— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
一位病人正接受華法林（Warfarin）治療。護理師應監測哪項檢驗數值以評估藥物療效？
A client is prescribed warfarin therapy. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor to assess the effectiveness of this medication?
- AActivated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)活化部分凝血活酶時間 (aPTT)
- BHemoglobin and hematocrit血色素和血容比
- CPlatelet count血小板計數
- DProthrombin Time (PT) and INR✓ 正解凝血酶原時間 (PT) 和國際標準化比值 (INR)
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
華法林為維生素 K 拮抗劑，其抗凝血效果需透過 PT（凝血酶原時間）及 INR（國際標準比值）來監測。aPTT 是用於肝素（Heparin）的監測指標。血小板數值主要用於監測肝素誘導之血小板低下症，而非華法林效果。血色素與血容比僅用於監測是否發生出血併發症，非直接評估療效的指標。
Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist, so its anticoagulant effect is monitored using Prothrombin Time (PT) and the International Normalized Ratio (INR). The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used to monitor heparin therapy, while platelet counts are primarily checked for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels assess for bleeding complications rather than direct drug efficacy.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床皆採用 INR 作為標準，但美國病人常需定期至抗凝血門診回診，台灣多由住院醫師或主治醫師調整劑量。