護理師照護一位有壓瘡病史的病人，哪項護理措施對預防皮膚破損最有效？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of pressure injuries. What nursing intervention is most effective for preventing skin breakdown?
- AMassage the reddened bony prominences按摩發紅的骨突處
- BReposition the client at least every two hours✓ 正解至少每兩小時協助病人翻身
- CApply powder to the skin to keep it dry在皮膚上撒粉以保持乾燥
- DKeep the head of the bed elevated at 45 degrees將床頭抬高至 45 度
預防壓瘡的核心在於定期減壓與促進局部血液循環。每兩小時翻身一次是預防壓瘡最有效的標準護理措施。按摩發紅的骨突處（Bony prominences）已被證實會導致皮下組織進一步受損（剪力與壓力導致微血管破裂），現行準則已禁止。抬高床頭大於 30 度會增加剪力（Shearing），應儘量維持平躺或低角度。
The core of pressure ulcer prevention is regular pressure relief and promotion of local circulation. Repositioning every two hours is the most effective standard nursing intervention to prevent pressure injuries. Massaging reddened bony prominences has been shown to cause further damage to underlying tissues (shear and pressure rupture capillaries) and is now prohibited by current guidelines. Head-of-bed elevation greater than 30 degrees increases shear forces and should be minimized, with the client kept flat or at a low angle whenever possible.