— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師指導服用華法林 (Warfarin) 的病人，應包含哪些飲食建議？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is educating a client who has been prescribed warfarin. Which dietary instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain a consistent intake of green leafy vegetables✓ 正解維持深綠色葉菜類攝取的一致性
- BIncrease intake of spinach and kale daily每天增加菠菜和羽衣甘藍的攝取量
- CAvoid taking large amounts of ginger or garlic✓ 正解避免攝取大量薑或大蒜
- DReport any unusual bleeding or bruising to the healthcare provider✓ 正解向醫療保健提供者報告任何異常出血或瘀青
- ELimit intake of alcohol✓ 正解限制酒精攝取量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Warfarin 會拮抗維生素 K。重點在於飲食穩定，避免攝取量忽高忽低。深綠色蔬菜富含 Vit K，需維持日常攝取一致即可。薑、大蒜及酒精可能影響凝血機制或藥物代謝，應適量或避免過量。出現異常出血須立即就醫。
Clients taking warfarin must maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods, such as green leafy vegetables, to ensure stable INR levels. They should avoid sudden increases in vitamin K consumption and limit alcohol, which can interfere with drug metabolism. Additionally, herbal supplements like garlic and ginger may increase bleeding risk, and any signs of unusual bleeding require immediate provider notification.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國有專門的抗凝血監測門診 (Anticoagulation Clinic)，台灣則多由醫師或藥師衛教。