下列哪些病人需要護理師執行接觸隔離措施?(選所有適合的)
Which of the following clients would require the nurse to implement contact precautions? (Select all that apply.)
- AClient with MRSA wound infection✓ 正解患有MRSA傷口感染的病人
- BClient with active Tuberculosis患有活動性結核病的病人
- CClient with Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE)✓ 正解患有萬古黴素抗性腸球菌(VRE)的病人
- DClient with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)✓ 正解患有呼吸道融合病毒(RSV)的病人
- EClient with influenza患有流行性感冒的病人
接觸隔離(Contact Precautions)適用於經由直接或間接接觸傳播的病原體。護理師需穿戴手套及隔離衣(Gown),並在處理完病人後執行手部衛生。MRSA 和 VRE 屬於多重抗藥性生物,RSV 則透過飛沫污染的表面傳播,均需接觸隔離。結核病需空氣隔離(Airborne Precautions),流感則需飛沫隔離(Droplet Precautions)。
Contact precautions are required for clients with MRSA wound infections, Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) because these pathogens spread via direct or indirect contact with contaminated surfaces or secretions. In contrast, tuberculosis requires airborne precautions, and influenza typically necessitates droplet precautions.
美國醫院對於接觸隔離的執行標準極為嚴格,通常需在門口設置獨立的 PPE 備品車(Isolation Cart),且對於 MRSA/VRE 等抗藥性菌株,即便僅是定植(Colonization)而非感染,通常也會採取接觸隔離。