— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些護理措施適合全髖關節置換術後的病患？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client recovering from a total hip arthroplasty? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain abduction of the affected hip using a pillow✓ 正解使用枕頭維持患側髖關節外展
- BAvoid flexion of the hip beyond 90 degrees✓ 正解避免髖關節屈曲超過 90 度
- CElevate the toilet seat for easier access✓ 正解墊高馬桶座圈以便使用
- DFlex the hip to tie shoelaces while sitting坐著時屈曲髖關節來綁鞋帶
- EApply anti-embolism stockings as ordered✓ 正解依醫囑穿戴抗栓塞襪
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖置換術後的關鍵在於預防脫位。維持患肢外展（A）、限制髖關節屈曲不超過 90 度（B）、使用加高馬桶座（C）皆為預防脫位的重要措施；穿彈性襪（E）則預防術後深層靜脈栓塞。D 選項會造成髖部過度屈曲，風險極高。
Continuous bubbling in the water seal chamber indicates a significant air leak within the drainage system or from the lung parenchyma, requiring immediate intervention to check for system integrity. While some bubbling may be normal initially, persistent continuous bubbling suggests a malfunction or complication that needs prompt assessment. Fluctuation (tidaling) is expected with breathing, and moderate drainage is typical post-surgery.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美方術後復健多由 PT 主導，護理師衛教為輔；台灣護理師常需負擔詳細的居家姿勢指導與環境改造建議。