— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位長期臥床的病人，哪項介入措施對於預防足跟壓瘡最有效？
A nurse is caring for a client who is immobile. Which intervention is most effective in preventing pressure injuries on the heels?
- AMassage the heels every 2 hours每兩小時按摩足跟
- BApply a thick layer of lotion to the heels在足跟塗抹厚層乳液
- CApply heel protectors使用足跟保護器
- DPlace a pillow under the calves to float the heels✓ 正解在小腿下放置枕頭以懸空足跟
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防足跟壓瘡最有效的機制是完全釋放壓力（Pressure offloading）。將小腿墊高使足跟懸空（floating the heels），可以讓壓力點轉移至小腿肌肉，徹底切斷足跟受壓的機轉。這是臨床實證中最被推薦的預防方式。
The most effective intervention for preventing pressure injuries on the heels is to float them by placing a pillow under the calves, which completely removes pressure from the bony prominence. Massaging the heels can damage fragile tissue, and while heel protectors may help, proper offloading via floating is the clinically preferred evidence-based practice.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院廣泛使用專用懸空支架；台灣臨床則多以毛巾捲或枕頭進行懸空，需注意支撐穩固性。