— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
一位接受萬古黴素（vancomycin）靜脈輸注的病人，出現頸部與臉部潮紅。護理師應採取的最優先行動為何？
A client is receiving an IV infusion of vancomycin. The nurse notes the client develops flushing of the neck and face. Which action is the priority?
- AIncrease the IV rate加快靜脈輸注速率
- BStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
- CAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- DNotify the provider通知醫師
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此反應為萬古黴素常見的「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），由輸注過快導致組織胺釋放。處置原則為先暫停輸注以阻止更多藥物進入體內，隨後再評估是否減慢速率或給予抗組織胺。若未即時停止輸注，可能導致低血壓或過敏性休克，故優先處理為停止給藥。
Flushing of the neck and face indicates Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction often caused by rapid vancomycin infusion. The priority action is to stop the infusion immediately to prevent further histamine release and potential progression to hypotension or anaphylaxis, followed by notifying the provider and administering antihistamines as ordered.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆視紅人症候群為常見副作用，但台灣醫師對藥物輸注速率的調整權限較為嚴格，需確認醫囑。