— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，主訴心悸、出汗及瀕死感。護理師的優先處置為何？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with reports of palpitations, sweating, and feelings of impending doom. What is the priority nursing intervention?
- AEncourage the client to discuss the source of their anxiety鼓勵病人討論焦慮的來源
- BStay with the client and maintain a calm, quiet environment✓ 正解陪伴病人並維持平靜、安靜的環境
- CAdminister an as-needed PRN dose of anxiolytic medication給予處方之鎮靜劑按需劑量
- DTeach the client deep breathing exercises immediately立即教導病人深呼吸練習
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性焦慮發作（anxiety attack）的優先護理：B. 陪伴病人並維持平靜、低刺激的環境——在病人極度焦慮時，認知與資訊接收能力下降，最直接有效的是提供安全感與環境穩定，可降低生理激動程度。其他選項：C. 抗焦慮藥物雖是治療一環，但需時間發揮藥效，非『立即』優先；C. 急性發作時要求理性討論焦慮源可能加劇不安；D. 教導深呼吸雖有效，但病人在恐慌中可能難以配合或過度換氣，先建立安全感更重要。
During an acute anxiety or panic attack, the priority is to ensure safety and reduce stimulation by staying with the client and maintaining a calm environment. This presence provides security and helps lower physiological arousal before attempting deeper exploration or teaching coping skills.