— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · SATA —
為了預防高齡病人跌倒，護理師應採取哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
Which nursing actions are appropriate to prevent falls for an older adult client? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the bed in the lowest position✓ 正解將床降至最低位置
- BPlace frequently used items within reach✓ 正解將常用物品放置在觸手可及之處
- CKeep the environment well-lit✓ 正解保持環境照明充足
- DApply physical restraints during the night夜間使用身體約束
- EEncourage the use of non-slip footwear✓ 正解鼓勵穿著防滑鞋
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防跌倒重點在於改善環境風險與維持生活輔助。將床維持低位、提供充足照明及防滑鞋具可降低環境危險。將物品放在病人隨手可得之處減少病人因取物而發生跌倒。物理約束不可作為預防跌倒的常規手段，因為這會導致病人焦慮增加、肌力退化，反而提高跌倒風險。
Preventing falls involves minimizing environmental hazards by keeping the bed in the lowest position, ensuring adequate lighting, and encouraging non-slip footwear. Placing frequently used items within reach reduces the need for unstable movements, whereas physical restraints increase agitation and fall risk.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院對約束使用有嚴格的評估與監控流程，相較於美國，台灣法律對於約束的解釋更嚴謹，不建議做為防跌手段。