— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一名 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的病患出現心悸、流汗及瀕死感。護理師應首先採取哪項介入措施？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with reports of palpitations, sweating, and feelings of impending doom. Which intervention is most appropriate for the nurse to implement initially?
- AEncourage the client to discuss the source of the anxiety鼓勵個案討論焦慮的來源
- BTeach deep breathing exercises教導深呼吸練習
- CStay with the client and maintain a calm, quiet environment✓ 正解陪伴個案並維持安靜平和的環境
- DAdminister the prescribed PRN anxiolytic給予處方備用（PRN）抗焦慮藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
廣泛性焦慮症急性發作或恐慌發作時，病人常主訴心悸、流汗、瀕死感等生理性不適。護理師的首要任務是確保病人安全，並透過陪伴（C）建立信任與安全感。冷靜、安靜的環境有助於減少外部刺激，降低病人的神經系統過度激發。在病人情緒激動時，衛教深呼吸技巧（B）或討論原因（A）效果不佳，因其認知功能已下降，穩定情緒優先。
During an acute anxiety or panic episode, the nurse should stay with the client and maintain a calm, quiet environment to reduce sensory stimulation and promote safety. This supportive presence helps de-escalate the situation more effectively than attempting to analyze the cause or teach coping skills while the client is highly agitated.