— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
哪項是乙型阻斷劑（Beta-blocker）的預期治療效果？
Which of the following is an expected therapeutic effect of a beta-blocker?
- AIncreased cardiac output增加心輸出量
- BBronchodilation支氣管擴張
- CPeripheral vasoconstriction周邊血管收縮
- DDecreased heart rate✓ 正解減慢心率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
乙型阻斷劑（Beta-blocker）主要作用於心肌的 Beta-1 受體，透過阻斷交感神經刺激，降低心肌收縮力與心跳速率，進而減少心肌氧耗量，常用於高血壓、心絞痛及心衰竭管理。預期的治療效果即為降低心率與血壓。護理師在給藥前必須評估心跳速率（Apical pulse），若心跳過慢（通常低於 60 bpm）應暫停給藥並通知醫師。
Beta-blockers act on Beta-1 receptors to decrease heart rate and myocardial contractility, thereby reducing myocardial oxygen consumption. The expected therapeutic effect is a decreased heart rate, which is why nurses must assess the apical pulse prior to administration.