— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
針對退化性關節炎的病人，哪些活動有助於減輕關節疼痛？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following activities are appropriate for a client with osteoarthritis to manage joint pain? (Select all that apply.)
- ASwimming✓ 正解游泳
- BWalking on flat surfaces✓ 正解在平坦路面上行走
- CRunning marathons跑馬拉松
- DStair climbing爬樓梯
- EWeight-bearing exercises✓ 正解負重運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
退化性關節炎（Osteoarthritis, OA）的核心照護目標在於維持關節活動度並減緩軟骨磨損。治療原則是採取「低衝擊（Low-impact）」運動，藉由水浮力或平地運動減輕關節承受的壓力，同時透過負重運動強化關節周邊肌肉，以提供更好的支撐力。反之，高衝擊性運動會造成關節過度震盪與磨損，應避免。
Management of osteoarthritis focuses on low-impact activities that preserve joint mobility while strengthening surrounding muscles to provide better support. Swimming and walking on flat surfaces reduce stress on the joints, whereas weight-bearing exercises help build muscle strength without excessive impact. High-impact activities like running should be avoided as they can worsen cartilage degeneration.