— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位診斷為睡眠呼吸中止症的病人表示整天感到疲憊。護理師應建議哪項措施？
A client diagnosed with sleep apnea reports feeling fatigued throughout the day. Which intervention should the nurse recommend?
- AAvoid alcohol and sedative medications before sleep✓ 正解睡前避免飲酒和使用鎮靜藥物
- BSleep in a supine position to keep the airway open仰臥以維持呼吸道通暢
- CUse over-the-counter sleep aids to improve sleep quality使用非處方助眠劑以改善睡眠品質
- DIncrease carbohydrate intake to boost energy levels增加碳水化合物攝取以提升能量水平
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
睡眠呼吸中止症的主因是上呼吸道阻塞。酒精與鎮靜劑會使咽喉周圍肌肉鬆弛，進而加重呼吸道塌陷。A 是非侵入性的首要建議。B 選項平躺會導致舌頭後墜，反而惡化症狀。D 對呼吸中止無助益。C 選項可能導致過度鎮靜，使呼吸抑制更嚴重。
Alcohol and sedatives relax the pharyngeal muscles, which can worsen upper airway obstruction in clients with sleep apnea. Therefore, avoiding these substances before bedtime is a primary non-invasive intervention to improve sleep quality and reduce daytime fatigue.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆重視睡眠衛生指導，但美國偏向使用多項睡眠生理檢查 (PSG) 為診斷依據，台灣則常合併中醫耳鼻喉科診治。