— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲個案向護理師詢問皮膚癌的初級預防策略。護理師應提供何種建議？
A 45-year-old client asks the nurse about primary prevention strategies for skin cancer. Which recommendation should the nurse provide?
- ASchedule annual dermatological exams安排年度皮膚科檢查
- BUse tanning beds sparingly適度使用美黑床
- CPerform monthly skin self-examinations每月進行皮膚自我檢查
- DApply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher daily✓ 正解每天塗抹 SPF 30 或更高的防曬乳
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
初級預防旨在防止疾病發生，使用防曬產品（SPF 30+）是減少紫外線傷害的最有效初級預防措施。A 和 C 屬於次級預防，重點在於早期發現而非疾病本身預防；B 為錯誤行為，室內曬黑設備會增加黑色素瘤風險。
Primary prevention aims to prevent disease occurrence, making daily use of broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher the most effective strategy to reduce UV radiation exposure. Skin self-examinations and annual dermatological exams are classified as secondary prevention because they focus on early detection rather than prevention. Using tanning beds increases the risk of skin cancer and should be avoided.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國皮膚科護理學會強調防曬衛教；台灣因陽光強烈，臨床對防曬關注度高，但對防曬產品選用標準的教育普及度仍有成長空間。