護理師指導客戶有關心血管疾病的可改變危險因子，下列哪些敘述顯示客戶已了解？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Which client statements indicate understanding? (Select all that apply.)
- AI need to quit smoking to improve my heart health✓ 正解我需要戒菸以改善心臟健康
- BI will try to manage my stress through regular exercise✓ 正解我將透過規律運動來管理壓力
- CI cannot change my genetics, so I should focus on lifestyle✓ 正解我無法改變我的遺傳因素，所以我應該專注於生活型態
- DI will limit my intake of saturated fats and cholesterol✓ 正解我會限制飽和脂肪與膽固醇的攝取
- EAge is a major factor I can modify with medication年齡是我可以用藥物改變的主要因素
心血管疾病的危險因子分為「可改變（Modifiable）」與「不可改變（Non-modifiable）」。護理師教育重點在於協助病人識別能透過生活型態調整的風險，包含抽菸、壓力、肥胖、飲食內容及運動量。遺傳、年齡與性別則屬於不可抗力因素，雖無法改變，但應提醒病人更需透過積極的生活習慣來降低整體風險。
Cardiovascular risk factors are divided into modifiable and non-modifiable categories. The focus of nursing education is to help the client identify the risks that can be addressed through lifestyle changes, including smoking, stress, obesity, dietary content, and physical activity. Genetics, age, and sex are non-modifiable factors; although they cannot be changed, the client should be reminded that they make positive lifestyle habits even more important for reducing overall risk.