— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備餵食一位有吞嚥困難病史的病人。下列哪項措施對於確保進食安全最優先？
A nurse is preparing a client with a history of dysphagia for lunch. Which intervention is the priority to ensure safety during feeding?
- APlace the client in a high-Fowler's position✓ 正解將個案置於高福勒氏體位
- BProvide a straw for easier fluid intake提供吸管以便更容易攝取液體
- CPerform oral hygiene before the meal餐前進行口腔衛生護理
- DEnsure the meal is served at room temperature確保餐點以室溫供應
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
吞嚥困難的核心安全原則是預防吸入性肺炎。直立坐姿（高坐位）利用重力輔助吞嚥，減少食物進入氣管的風險。吸管可能導致流速過快增加嗆咳風險，口腔衛生雖重要但非進食當下的防護優先級，溫度則屬舒適範圍而非安全性。
The core safety principle for dysphagia is the prevention of aspiration pneumonia. An upright sitting position (high Fowler's) uses gravity to assist swallowing and reduces the risk of food entering the airway. Straws can cause an excessively rapid flow rate and increase the risk of choking; oral hygiene is important but is not the top safety priority at the time of eating; food temperature relates to comfort rather than safety.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床對於吞嚥困難皆以語言治療師評估後的飲食質地為準，護理師需確保擺位正確。