— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師評估一位急性胰臟炎病人，下列哪項表徵需要最立即的介入？
A nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which manifestation requires the most immediate intervention?
- AReports of severe 8/10 epigastric pain主訴嚴重上腹痛 (8/10分)
- BAbdominal guarding and rigidity✓ 正解腹部防禦與僵硬
- CElevated serum amylase level血清澱粉酶水平升高
- DHypoactive bowel sounds腸鳴音減弱
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎病人若出現腹部防禦（Guarding）與僵硬（Rigidity），這通常是嚴重併發症如腹膜炎（Peritonitis）或穿孔的徵兆，屬於外科緊急情況，必須立即介入。嚴重疼痛（8/10）雖需處理，但在無腹膜炎徵象時，以鎮痛劑控制即可。澱粉酶升高是診斷指標，不屬於立即性危險，腸鳴音減弱則是胰臟炎常見的腸道麻痺表現。
Abdominal guarding and rigidity are signs of peritonitis, a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis that requires immediate surgical or medical intervention. While severe pain and elevated amylase are expected findings, and hypoactive bowel sounds indicate ileus, they do not pose the same immediate threat as peritoneal irritation.