— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
下列何者為減少中風風險的「初級預防」策略？
Which of the following is a primary prevention strategy to reduce the risk of stroke?
- ADaily blood pressure monitoring每日監測血壓
- BRehabilitation therapy after stroke中風後的復健治療
- CAdministering tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)施打組織纖維蛋白溶漿原活化劑 (tPA)
- DSmoking cessation✓ 正解戒菸
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
初級預防（Primary Prevention）的定義是在疾病發生前，透過消除危險因子來預防疾病。戒菸是針對血管健康最強而有力的初級預防策略，能直接降低動脈粥狀硬化與血管痙攣風險。臨床判斷時，需區分預防（Prevention）、篩檢（Screening，屬次級預防）與治療（Treatment，屬三級預防）。
Smoking cessation is a primary prevention strategy because it eliminates a major modifiable risk factor before disease onset. In contrast, monitoring blood pressure is secondary prevention (screening), while rehabilitation and tPA administration are tertiary prevention or acute treatments.