— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位患有阿茲海默症的個案出現日落症候群，下列何項措施最合適？
A client with Alzheimer's disease is experiencing sundowning syndrome. Which intervention is most appropriate?
- ALimit the client's social interaction during the day限制個案白天的社交互動
- BMaintain adequate lighting in the evening hours✓ 正解傍晚時段保持充足照明
- CAdminister sedative medication as soon as restlessness begins一旦出現躁動立即給予鎮靜藥物
- DProvide a dark, quiet room for the client to sleep in提供黑暗安靜的房間供個案睡眠
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
日落症候群（Sundowning）是指黃昏或入夜後，失智症病人出現混亂、焦躁或遊走增加。維持適度照明能減少陰影造成的錯覺，並幫助病人進行定向感校正，進而穩定情緒。黑暗反而加重視覺錯認，而藥物非首選處置。
Sundowning syndrome involves increased confusion and agitation in the evening, often exacerbated by poor lighting and shadows. Maintaining adequate lighting during evening hours helps orient the client and reduces fear-based behaviors. Interventions like limiting daytime social interaction or using sedatives are not first-line approaches and may worsen confusion or safety risks.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國長照機構對日落症候群多採多感官環境設計；台灣則較依賴家屬陪伴或鎮靜藥物控制，環境設計資源相對較少。