— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師進行低鈉飲食衛教。哪些食物選擇顯示病人需要進一步指導？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about a low-sodium diet. Which food choices indicate that the client needs further instruction? (Select all that apply.)
- ACanned vegetable soup✓ 正解罐頭蔬菜湯
- BFresh grilled chicken breast新鮮烤雞胸肉
- CCottage cheese✓ 正解茅屋起司
- DSmoked ham✓ 正解煙燻火腿
- EFrozen peas without sauce無醬冷凍豌豆
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低鈉飲食需避開加工與醃漬食品。罐裝湯（A）和燻火腿（D）含有極高量的防腐鹽與鈉。茅屋起司（Cottege cheese, C）雖然健康，但鈉含量通常比天然蔬果高出許多。新鮮烤雞胸（B）和無醬料冷凍豌豆（E）屬於天然低鈉食物。病人應學習閱讀營養標示，選擇每份鈉含量低於 140mg 的食品。
Canned vegetable soup, cottage cheese, and smoked ham indicate a need for further instruction because they are high in sodium due to processing and preservation methods. The client should instead choose fresh, unprocessed foods like grilled chicken and plain frozen vegetables, which are naturally low in sodium.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國食物標示中「Canned items」是鈉的主要來源；台灣考題則常加入醬油、味精、醃蘿蔔等本土高鈉選項。