— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人因低血鉀被醫囑給予周邊靜脈點滴鉀離子 20 mEq。護理師給藥前最重要的評估為何？
A client is prescribed intravenous potassium chloride (KCl) 20 mEq via peripheral line for hypokalemia. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to perform prior to administration?
- AReview the patient's morning glucose level檢視病人早晨的血糖值
- BVerify the patient's urine output✓ 正解確認病人的尿液排出量
- CCheck for peripheral edema檢查周邊水腫
- DAssess blood pressure評估血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子（Potassium）主要經由腎臟排泄。在給予鉀離子補充劑前，確保腎功能正常（特別是尿量充足）是絕對必要的前提。若病人無尿（Anuria）或少尿（Oliguria，通常定義為 <30 mL/hr），輸注鉀離子將導致鉀離子迅速蓄積，引發致命性的高血鉀（Hyperkalemia），進而造成心跳停止。因此，確認尿量是給藥前的安全守則。
Before administering IV potassium, the nurse must verify adequate urine output to ensure the kidneys can effectively excrete the excess potassium. Administering potassium to a client with oliguria or anuria risks causing fatal hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest.