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藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ

病人接受 IV vancomycin 時,臉部、頸部及上胸部突然出現潮紅。護理師應優先採取何種措施?

A client receiving IV vancomycin suddenly develops flushing of the face, neck, and upper chest. Which action should the nurse take first?

  • ANotify the provider
    通知醫師
  • BAdminister an antihistamine as ordered
    依醫回給藥抗組織胺
  • CSlow the rate of the infusion✓ 正解
    減慢輸注速率
  • DStop the infusion immediately
    立即停止輸注
Explanation · 中文詳解

此臨床表現為 Vancomycin 輸注過快引起的「紅人症候群(Red Man Syndrome)」,這是一種非免疫介導的類過敏反應,由組織胺大量釋放所致。處理原則為先減慢速率以減緩反應,若症狀持續或嚴重再考慮停止輸注。護理師應評估病人的生命徵象,並依醫囑給予抗組織胺。避免直接停止輸注以免延誤抗生素療程,除非出現過敏性休克(Anaphylaxis)徵兆。

The described symptoms indicate Red Man Syndrome, a histamine-mediated reaction caused by rapid vancomycin infusion. The nurse should first slow the infusion rate to alleviate symptoms, as stopping the infusion is reserved for severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國臨床多嚴格遵循輸注指引(通常至少 60 分鐘以上),若發生此反應,護理師通常有權先減速並評估,再通知 Provider,而台灣臨床有時會更傾向於先暫停。

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