— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
長骨骨折病人出現哪項評估結果，護理師應優先懷疑可能發生脂肪栓塞？
Which assessment finding in a client with a long bone fracture should the nurse prioritize as a potential fat embolism?
- APain unrelieved by opioid analgesics疼痛經鴉片類鎮痛劑無法緩解
- BPetechiae over the chest and neck✓ 正解胸部和頸部出現瘀點
- CDecreased pedal pulses足背脈搏減弱
- DSwelling and redness at the fracture site骨折部位腫脹和發紅
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
脂肪栓塞症候群（FES）典型三病徵：呼吸窘迫、意識改變、胸頸部皮下瘀點（Petechiae）。瘀點是 FES 的特異性表徵。B 可能是腔室症候群（Compartment Syndrome）；A 為骨折常見局部發炎。
Fat embolism syndrome is characterized by a triad of respiratory distress, neurological changes, and petechial rash. Petechiae on the chest and neck are a specific and critical sign of this condition, distinguishing it from other complications like compartment syndrome, which typically presents with severe pain unrelieved by analgesics.
✦ 台美臨床差異
脂肪栓塞 vs 腔室症候群的鑑別診斷在 NCLEX 中是常見的高階考點；台灣護理養成亦重視此區分。