— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
針對接受全靜脈營養(PN)的病人,下列哪些護理措施是適當的?(選所有適合的)
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client receiving parenteral nutrition? (Select all that apply.)
- AMonitor blood glucose levels every 4 to 6 hours✓ 正解每 4 至 6 小時監測血糖
- BChange the IV tubing every 24 hours✓ 正解每 24 小時更換靜脈輸液管路
- CUse an infusion pump for administration✓ 正解使用輸注幫浦進行給藥
- DWeigh the client daily✓ 正解每日稱量病人體重
- EHang 10% dextrose if the PN bag runs out before the next delivery若 PN 袋在下次送達前耗盡,掛上 10% 葡萄糖溶液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
PN 含有高濃度葡萄糖與營養成分,易造成高血糖與細菌生長。監測血糖、定時更換管路(TNA 系統通常為 24 小時)、使用輸液幫浦確保速率精確及每日測量體重皆為護理規範。E 選項錯誤:若 PN 中斷,應給予 10% 葡萄糖水以預防低血糖,但須依醫院 protocol,且需監控血糖波動,不能視為常規。
Appropriate interventions for parenteral nutrition include monitoring blood glucose frequently due to hyperglycemia risk, changing tubing every 24 hours to prevent infection, using an infusion pump for accuracy, and daily weighing to assess fluid balance. While 10% dextrose may be used temporarily if PN is interrupted, it is not a substitute for proper PN management and requires careful monitoring.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院對 PN 處方執行與管路更換頻率較為保守,美國護理師對靜脈營養感染控制的流程標準化程度極高。