— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師向心臟衰竭病人進行出院衛教，應包含哪些內容？（多選）
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with heart failure. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AWeigh yourself daily at the same time each morning✓ 正解每天清晨同一時間稱重
- BLimit fluid intake to 2 liters per day✓ 正解將每日液體攝取量限制在 2 公升以內
- CDiscontinue diuretics if dizziness occurs若出現頭暈則停用利尿劑
- DReport weight gain of more than 2 lbs in 24 hours✓ 正解若 24 小時內體重增加超過 2 磅則回報
- EReduce sodium intake to less than 2 g per day✓ 正解將鈉攝取量減少至每日少於 2 克
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
心臟衰竭（Heart Failure, HF）病人的居家自我照護重點在於「容量過負荷（Fluid overload）的早期偵測與預防」。每日定時量體重是評估體液滯留最敏感的非侵入性指標。限制鈉與水的攝取能降低心臟前負荷，減少肺水腫與周邊水腫風險。當體重快速增加時，往往代表病人已出現代償失調，必須及時就醫調整利尿劑劑量，以防演變為急性心衰竭。
Discharge teaching for heart failure should emphasize daily morning weighing to detect fluid retention early, as rapid weight gain indicates potential fluid overload. Clients should limit sodium and fluid intake to reduce preload and prevent pulmonary edema. Diuretics must be continued even if dizziness occurs, with position changes managed slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension.