— 健康促進與維護 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師教導病人進行乳房自我檢查（BSE）。下列哪項說明是正確的？
A nurse is educating a client about breast self-examination (BSE). Which instruction is correct?
- APerform the exam during menses when breasts are tender在月經期間乳房敏感時進行檢查
- BBSE should only be performed while standing in the shower乳房自我檢查僅在淋浴站立時進行
- CUse the palms of the hands to palpate the tissue使用手掌觸診組織
- DPerform the exam one week after menses begins✓ 正解在月經開始後一週進行檢查
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
乳房自我檢查（Breast Self-Examination, BSE）雖非目前癌症篩檢的唯一手段，但仍是女性健康衛教的重要部分。正確的執行時間點為月經結束後約一週，此時乳房組織受荷爾蒙影響較小，較為柔軟且不腫脹，最容易觸摸到異常的硬塊。若在月經期間執行，乳房組織常因充血而腫脹，容易干擾檢查準確度。
Breast self-examination should be performed approximately one week after menstruation begins, when hormonal influences are minimal and breast tissue is least tender and swollen. This timing facilitates easier palpation and improves the accuracy of detecting abnormalities compared to examining during menses or using incorrect techniques like palm palpation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
近年來美國臨床更強調「乳房意識（Breast Awareness）」，即隨時注意乳房外觀與感覺的變化，而不僅僅是依賴制式的自我檢查步驟。