— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位接受全髖關節置換術後的病人。為了預防術後併發症，下列何者為優先措施？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which action is the priority to prevent a postoperative complication?
- ARestrict fluid intake to prevent bladder fullness限制水分攝取以防止膀胱脹滿
- BKeep the hip in a position of adduction保持髖關節處於內收位置
- CEncourage early ambulation and leg exercises✓ 正解鼓勵早期下床活動與腿部運動
- DMaintain the legs in a crossed position while sitting坐著時雙腿交叉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節置換術（Total Hip Arthroplasty）後，深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）與肺栓塞（PE）是致命的併發症。早期活動（Early Ambulation）與腿部運動能促進血液回流，防止靜脈淤滯（Venous Stasis），是預防 DVT 的首要措施。護理師需指導病人進行踝關節幫浦運動（Ankle pumps），並嚴格遵守術後髖關節脫臼預防措施（如避免內收與交叉腿）。
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are life-threatening complications after total hip arthroplasty, making early ambulation and leg exercises the priority intervention. These actions promote venous return and prevent venous stasis, whereas restricting fluids or keeping the hip in adduction increases the risk of complications such as dehydration or prosthetic dislocation.