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藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ

護理師即將給予一位心房顫動病史病人華法林(Warfarin)。給藥前應優先確認哪項檢驗數據?

A nurse is administering a dose of warfarin to a client with a history of atrial fibrillation. Which lab result should the nurse prioritize checking before administration?

  • AProthrombin Time (PT)
    凝血酶原時間 (PT)
  • BPlatelet count
    血小板計數
  • CActivated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
    活化部分凝血活酶時間 (aPTT)
  • DInternational Normalized Ratio (INR)✓ 正解
    國際正常化比值 (INR)
Explanation · 中文詳解

華法林(Warfarin)作為維生素K拮抗劑,其藥理作用是抑制肝臟合成依賴維生素K的凝血因子(II, VII, IX, X)。臨床上需透過監測凝血功能以調整劑量,防止出血風險或預防血栓。國際標準化比率(INR)是評估華法林療效的標準指標,因其標準化了不同實驗室試劑敏感度(ISI)的差異,確保全球臨床決策的一致性。給藥前確認INR是護理安全的核心,若數值過高則需暫停給藥並通知醫師,以避免致命性出血。

The International Normalized Ratio (INR) is the standardized test used to monitor warfarin therapy because it accounts for variations in thromboplastin sensitivity across laboratories. Checking the INR before administration is critical to ensure the client’s coagulation status is within the therapeutic range and to prevent bleeding complications associated with vitamin K antagonist use.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國臨床環境中,INR是標準的監測項目。台灣臨床有時仍會參考PT秒數,但現代電子病歷系統皆會自動換算成INR,護理師應習慣以INR作為判斷依據。

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