— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正準備接受靜脈輸注 20 mEq 氯化鉀。給藥前的優先評估指標為何？
A client is receiving an IV infusion of Potassium Chloride 20 mEq in 100 mL of 0.9% Normal Saline. What is the priority assessment before starting the infusion?
- AMonitor oxygen saturation監測血氧飽和度
- BCheck urine output✓ 正解檢查尿量
- CAssess blood glucose level評估血糖水平
- DVerify blood pressure確認血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀（KCl）是高警訊藥物（High-alert medication）。鉀離子主要透過腎臟代謝，若病人出現少尿（Oliguria，尿量 < 30 mL/hr）或無尿，表示腎臟排鉀功能受損，此時輸注鉀離子極易引發致命性的高血鉀（Hyperkalemia），進而導致心律不整或心跳停止。因此，給藥前確認尿量是確保用藥安全的唯一優先評估指標。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication primarily excreted by the kidneys. Before initiating infusion, the nurse must verify adequate urine output because oliguria or anuria indicates impaired renal function, which significantly increases the risk of life-threatening hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias.