— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位急性腎損傷病人出現代謝性酸中毒徵象，護理師預期哪項檢驗數值會異常？
A client with acute kidney injury (AKI) is showing signs of metabolic acidosis. Which laboratory value should the nurse expect?
- AHCO3- 18 mEq/L✓ 正解HCO3- 18 mEq/L
- BPaO2 95 mmHgPaO2 95 mmHg
- CpH 7.48pH 7.48
- DPaCO2 48 mmHgPaCO2 48 mmHg
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
代謝性酸中毒的特徵是血中碳酸氫根離子（HCO3-）濃度下降（正常值約 22-26 mEq/L），導致 pH 值降低。選項 A 的 HCO3- 偏低符合酸中毒定義。pH 7.48 為鹼中毒，PaCO2 48 mmHg 為呼吸性酸中毒補償表現，PaO2 95 mmHg 則為正常氧合指標。
The USPSTF recommends biennial screening mammography for women aged 50 to 74 years to effectively detect breast cancer early and reduce mortality. While annual screening may be considered for some, the standard guideline supports every two years for this age group.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常需解讀 ABG 報告並依據 protocol 給予處置，台灣護理師通常等待醫師判讀後醫囑執行。