社區護理師評估一位老年個案的潛在健康風險。哪些發現需進一步介入?(選所有適合的)
A community nurse is assessing an older client for potential health risks. Which findings warrant further intervention? (Select all that apply.)
- ASocial isolation and loneliness✓ 正解社會孤立與孤獨感
- BUnintentional weight loss of 5% in 3 months✓ 正解三個月內非自願性體重減輕 5%
- CHistory of two falls within the past 6 months✓ 正解過去六個月內有兩次跌倒史
- DPolypharmacy with potential drug interactions✓ 正解多重用藥且有潛在藥物交互作用
- ERegular community engagement規律的社區參與
核心概念:老年人(Older adult)潛在健康風險的評估與介入。 為何正確答案對: A. 社會孤立與孤獨感(Social isolation and loneliness)會對老年人的身心健康產生負面影響,增加憂鬱、認知功能下降、甚至死亡風險,需要社會支持介入。 B. 短期內體重非預期性下降(Unintentional weight loss of 5% in 3 months)是營養不良或潛在疾病的重要警訊,需進一步評估原因(如疾病、吞嚥困難、憂鬱、經濟問題)。 C. 半年內兩次跌倒(History of two falls within the past 6 months)顯示病人跌倒風險極高,可能與肌力、平衡、視力、用藥、環境等因素有關,需要進行全面的跌倒風險評估與預防性介入。 D. 多重用藥合併潛在藥物交互作用(Polypharmacy with potential drug interactions)是老年人常見的健康問題,可能導致副作用增加、療效下降甚至嚴重不良反應,需要藥物整合性評估(Medication reconciliation)。 為何其他選項錯: E. 規律參與社區活動(Regular community engagement)是健康的社會參與行為,通常與較好的身心健康相關,而非需要介入的風險發現。
Social isolation, unintentional weight loss, recurrent falls, and polypharmacy are significant risk factors requiring further assessment and intervention in older adults. These findings indicate potential issues with mental health, nutrition, safety, and medication management that can compromise overall well-being.