— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師準備給藥，下列哪些措施符合安全給藥原則？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client. Which actions are consistent with safe medication administration? (Select all that apply.)
- AComparing the medication label with the MAR three times✓ 正解三次比對藥物標籤與藥物處方單
- BIdentifying the client using at least two unique identifiers✓ 正解使用至少兩項獨特識別資訊確認個案身分
- CAsking the client to state their name and birthdate✓ 正解請個案口述其姓名與出生日期
- DCrushing a sustained-release medication for easier swallowing將緩釋藥物壓碎以便吞服
- EClarifying an illegible order with the prescribing physician✓ 正解向開立處方的醫師釐清無法辨識的醫囑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
安全給藥（Safe medication administration）依賴嚴格的確認程序。包括三讀五對原則、兩項病人身份識別（姓名、出生年月日或病歷號），以及對不清楚的醫囑進行釐清。絕對禁止壓碎緩釋劑型（Sustained-release）藥物，因為這會破壞藥物緩慢釋放機制，導致藥物瞬間大量進入體內，引發過量中毒。
Safe medication administration requires verifying the client's identity using two unique identifiers and comparing the medication label with the MAR three times. Illegible orders must be clarified with the prescriber to prevent errors. Sustained-release medications should never be crushed, as this alters their pharmacokinetics and can lead to toxicity.