— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
病人患有抗利尿激素分泌異常症候群(SIADH),下列哪些評估結果顯示有併發症發生?(選所有適合的)
Which assessment findings indicate that a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is experiencing complications? (Select all that apply.)
- ASerum sodium 120 mEq/L✓ 正解血清鈉 120 mEq/L
- BSerum osmolality 295 mOsm/kg血清滲透壓 295 mOsm/kg
- CConfusion and lethargy✓ 正解意識混亂與嗜睡
- DUrine specific gravity 1.030✓ 正解尿液比重 1.030
- EMuscle twitching and seizures✓ 正解肌肉抽搐與癲癇發作
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
SIADH(抗利尿激素分泌異常症候群)會導致體內抗利尿激素過多,造成過度水分滯留與稀釋性低血鈉。當血鈉低於 125 mEq/L(A),細胞內水腫會導致嚴重的神經症狀,如意識混亂(C)、抽搐(E)。尿液比重升高(D)代表水分滯留導致尿液濃縮。血清滲透壓低(非高)才是 SIADH 的診斷標準,選項 B 的高滲透壓數值是不正確的表現。
Complications of SIADH include severe hyponatremia, indicated by a serum sodium level of 120 mEq/L, which can cause neurological symptoms such as confusion and seizures. Additionally, water retention leads to concentrated urine with a high specific gravity of 1.030.