一位診斷為急性腎絲球腎炎的患者，護理師應預期下列哪項檢驗結果？
A client is diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Which laboratory result should the nurse anticipate?
- AElevated serum albumin血清白蛋白升高
- BHyperglycemia高血糖
- CDecreased urine specific gravity尿液比重的降低
- DPositive antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer✓ 正解抗鏈球菌溶血素O (ASO) 效價陽性
急性腎絲球腎炎（Acute glomerulonephritis）最常見的原因是 A 群鏈球菌感染後引起的免疫反應（Post-streptococcal）。因此，診斷時檢測「抗鏈球菌溶血素 O」（ASO titer）會呈現陽性，顯示近期有鏈球菌感染。其臨床表現包括蛋白尿、血尿、高血壓與水腫。白蛋白會因蛋白尿而下降，尿比重則因腎小管濃縮功能異常或受損而上升，與血糖無直接關聯。
The most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis is the immune response that follows infection with group A streptococci (post-streptococcal). Therefore, on diagnostic testing, the antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer will be positive, indicating recent streptococcal infection. The clinical manifestations include proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension, and edema. Albumin levels decrease because of proteinuria; urine specific gravity increases due to impaired tubular concentration ability; the disease has no direct association with blood glucose.