— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位失智症初期的病人重複詢問相同的問題。哪種護理策略最有效？（選所有適合的）
A client in the early stages of dementia repeatedly asks the same question. Which nursing strategy is most effective for managing this behavior? (Select all that apply.)
- AProvide short, simple answers each time✓ 正解每次提供簡短、簡單的答案
- BUse distraction to redirect the client✓ 正解使用轉移注意力的方式引導病人
- CExamine the underlying need behind the question✓ 正解檢視該問題背後的潛在需求
- DState clearly that you have already answered the question明確告知病人你已經回答過這個問題
- EUse visual cues or calendars to provide information✓ 正解使用視覺提示或日曆來提供資訊
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
面對失智症病人重複提問，核心照護原則是「驗證與轉移（Validation and Distraction）」，而非糾正記憶。失智症患者因認知功能退化，無法記住剛剛發生的事，對其進行事實核對（Reality Orientation）反而會引起挫折與焦慮，甚至導致行為問題。護理師應評估行為背後的心理需求，並提供結構化環境，減少病人的混亂與不安感。
Effective management of repetitive questioning in dementia involves providing short, simple answers, using distraction to redirect attention, and addressing underlying needs like anxiety. Utilizing visual cues can also help stabilize the environment, whereas pointing out the repetition or forcing reality orientation may increase frustration and distress.