— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位思覺失調症病人呈現社交退縮、貧乏言語及情感平淡。下列哪項護理措施最能緩解這些症狀？
A client with schizophrenia is exhibiting signs of social withdrawal, poverty of speech, and flat affect. Which nursing action best addresses these symptoms?
- AEngage the client in short, frequent interactions✓ 正解與病人進行短暫且頻繁的互動
- BProvide structured cognitive remediation therapy提供結構化的認知復健治療
- CEncourage the client to join a large group activity鼓勵病人參加大型團體活動
- DAdminister an extra dose of antipsychotic medication給予額外的抗精神病藥物劑量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對思覺失調症的陰性症狀（如社交退縮、情感平淡），護理師應採取漸進式的社交支持。頻繁且短暫的互動能建立安全感，同時避免過度刺激。大型活動會讓病人感到壓力，反而加重退縮。藥物主要針對陽性症狀有效，陰性症狀需配合復健與環境治療。
For clients with schizophrenia exhibiting negative symptoms such as social withdrawal and flat affect, frequent short interactions help build trust without causing overwhelm. Large group activities may increase anxiety, while antipsychotic medications are primarily effective for positive symptoms rather than negative ones.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常執行結構化團體治療；台灣則多由職能治療師主導，護理師偏向環境支持與藥物評估。