— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師教導 COPD 病人噘嘴式呼吸（Pursed-lip breathing）。此技術的主要目標是什麼？
A patient with COPD is being taught about pursed-lip breathing. Which is the primary goal of this technique?
- APrevent airway collapse during expiration✓ 正解防止呼氣時氣道塌陷
- BPromote CO2 retention促進二氧化碳滯留
- CIncrease the work of breathing增加呼吸做功
- DDecrease oxygen saturation降低血氧飽和度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）病人的氣道在呼氣時容易塌陷，導致氣體滯留（Air trapping）。噘嘴式呼吸的核心機轉是透過縮唇呼氣增加呼氣阻力，從而提升氣道內的壓力，防止小氣道過早塌陷。此技術能幫助病人更有效地呼出肺部殘餘氣體，改善換氣效率，並減輕呼吸困難。在 NCLEX 考試中，這類呼吸技巧常被視為緩解呼吸窘迫的優先護理措施。
The primary goal of pursed-lip breathing in COPD patients is to create positive airway pressure that prevents premature collapse of the small airways during exhalation. This technique facilitates the expulsion of trapped air, improves gas exchange, and reduces the work of breathing rather than promoting CO2 retention.