— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人診斷為抗利尿激素分泌異常症候群（SIADH），下列哪項護理措施最能緩解其生理失衡？
A client is admitted with a diagnosis of SIADH. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to manage the physiological imbalance?
- AAdminister furosemide as needed視需要給予呋塞米
- BEncourage a high-sodium broth diet鼓勵攝取高鈉肉湯
- CImplement fluid restriction✓ 正解實施液體限制
- DIncrease IV fluid infusion rate增加靜脈輸液速度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
SIADH 導致水分過度滯留，引起稀釋性低血鈉。核心治療為水分限制（通常每日 < 800-1000 mL），避免水分繼續堆積導致腦水腫。若盲目補充鹽分或給予利尿劑，若未配合限水，效果不佳且可能導致電解質不穩。
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) causes excessive water retention, leading to dilutional hyponatremia. The cornerstone of management is strict fluid restriction to prevent further fluid accumulation and potential cerebral edema. Increasing IV fluids or relying solely on dietary sodium without fluid restriction can exacerbate the condition.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常執行嚴格的負平衡控管；台灣病房常用彈性較大，需特別注意醫囑之輸液限額。