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藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ

護理師正為一位有深部靜脈栓塞病史的病人注射皮下肝素。下列哪項措施最為適當?

A nurse is administering a dose of subcutaneous heparin to a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis. Which action is most appropriate?

  • AInject the medication into the abdominal fat pad✓ 正解
    將藥物注入腹部脂肪墊
  • BAspirate the syringe before injection
    注射前抽吸注射器
  • CMassage the injection site vigorously after administration
    給藥後用力按摩注射部位
  • DUse the Z-track technique for the injection
    使用 Z-track 技術進行注射
Explanation · 中文詳解

皮下注射肝素(Subcutaneous heparin)的目的在於抗凝血,注射部位與技巧直接影響藥物吸收與組織反應。肝素注射應選擇腹部脂肪墊,以確保藥物進入皮下組織而非肌肉層,減少出血與瘀青(Bruising)風險。此外,操作時不需回抽(Aspiration),因皮下組織血管密度低,且回抽反而會破壞組織結構,增加微血管破裂與血腫風險。

The abdomen is the preferred site for subcutaneous heparin injection because it offers consistent absorption and minimizes the risk of bleeding compared to other sites. Nurses should avoid aspirating or massaging the area, as these actions can cause tissue trauma and hematoma formation.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台美臨床對於肝素注射的共識一致,皆強調「不需回抽、不可按摩」。在美國,護理師常使用預充式針劑(Pre-filled syringe),其設計已考量減少氣泡與組織刺激,臨床上重點在於注射後輕壓而非按摩。

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