— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
下列哪些評估結果向護理師顯示病人可能正在發生毛地黃(Digoxin)中毒?(選所有適合的)
Which assessment findings indicate to the nurse that a client may be experiencing digoxin toxicity? (Select all that apply.)
- AAnorexia and nausea✓ 正解食慾不振和噁心
- BYellow-green halos around lights✓ 正解燈光周圍出現黃綠色光暈
- CSerum digoxin level of 1.2 ng/mL血清毛地黃濃度為 1.2 ng/mL
- DBradycardia✓ 正解心動過緩
- EHypokalemia低血鉀
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
毛地黃中毒(Digoxin toxicity)的早期症狀包括腸胃道不適(食慾不振、噁心嘔吐)和神經系統症狀。視覺異常(如黃綠色光暈)是極具代表性的中毒徵兆。心臟方面最常見的是心動過緩(Bradycardia)。C 選項 1.2 ng/mL 在治療範圍(0.5-2.0)內。E 選項低血鉀是「導致」中毒的誘因,而非中毒本身的「症狀」。
Early signs of digoxin toxicity include GI symptoms (anorexia, nausea, vomiting) and visual disturbances such as yellow-green halos. Cardiac effects include bradycardia and dysrhythmias. A serum digoxin level of 1.2 ng/mL is within the therapeutic range (0.5–2.0). Hypokalemia predisposes to toxicity but is a risk factor, not a symptom of toxicity itself.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 NCLEX 考題常區分「誘因」與「症狀」,考生易混淆低血鉀的位置;台灣考試亦然。