— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
65 歲病人應接種哪些疫苗以預防常見呼吸道感染？
Which of the following vaccinations should a 65-year-old client receive to prevent common respiratory infections?
- AMMR vaccine and Varicella vaccine麻疹腮腺炎德國麻疹疫苗（MMR vaccine）和水痘疫苗（Varicella vaccine）
- BTdap vaccine only僅百白破疫苗（Tdap vaccine）
- CAnnual Influenza vaccine and Pneumococcal vaccine✓ 正解年度流感疫苗（Annual Influenza vaccine）和肺炎球菌疫苗（Pneumococcal vaccine）
- DHepatitis B vaccine and Annual Influenza乙型肝炎疫苗（Hepatitis B vaccine）和年度流感疫苗（Annual Influenza）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對 65 歲以上高齡族群，流感疫苗與肺炎鏈球菌疫苗是預防呼吸道嚴重併發症的兩大核心。流感每年接種，肺炎鏈球菌疫苗則根據 CDC 指引給予對應劑型（如 PCV20 或 PCV15 加 PPSV23）。
For clients aged 65 and older, the annual influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine are essential to prevent serious respiratory infections and their complications. Unlike vaccines for childhood diseases or hepatitis, these immunizations specifically target the pathogens most likely to cause severe morbidity in the elderly population.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆推廣長者接種，但美國 CDC 的肺炎鏈球菌接種時程依年齡及免疫狀況有更複雜的 protocol。