— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
病人因嚴重感染使用萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。護理師應即時留意下列哪些臨床表現？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed vancomycin for a severe infection. Which findings should the nurse identify as requiring immediate attention? (Select all that apply.)
- AHypotension during infusion✓ 正解輸注期間低血壓
- BFlushing of the face and neck✓ 正解臉部與頸部潮紅
- CWheezing and dyspnea✓ 正解喘鳴與呼吸困難
- DIncreased urine output尿量增加
- EItching of the upper torso✓ 正解上半身搔癢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素輸注可能引起「紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）」，特徵為臉部、頸部潮紅、搔癢。若輸注過快導致嚴重低血壓、喘鳴或呼吸困難，則需立即停止輸注並評估是否有過敏性休克，而非僅是紅人症候群的類過敏反應。
Hypotension, facial flushing, wheezing, and itching indicate Red Man Syndrome or potential anaphylaxis, requiring immediate attention and likely cessation of the infusion. These symptoms result from rapid histamine release due to fast infusion rates, whereas increased urine output is not a typical adverse reaction to vancomycin.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆高度警覺萬古黴素過敏，但台灣更強調給藥前先確認腎功能數據。