病人預計進行手術。在「暫停 (Time-out)」程序中，護理師的主要職責為何？
A client is scheduled for surgery. During the 'time-out' procedure, what is the nurse's primary responsibility?
- AVerify the correct client, site, and procedure✓ 正解確認正確的病人、部位與手術程序
- BAdminister preoperative antibiotics給予術前抗生素
- CComplete the surgical consent form完成手術同意書
- DCount all surgical instruments清點所有手術器械
手術暫停 (Time-out) 是手術安全查核表 (Surgical Safety Checklist) 的關鍵環節，發生在切開皮膚之前。正確答案 A 說明了其核心職責：全體團隊共同確認正確病人、正確部位及正確術式。這是一個主動溝通的過程，旨在預防「錯誤部位手術 (Wrong-site surgery)」。臨床思路上，這屬於病人安全中的「零容忍」錯誤預防，護理師若發現任何不一致，必須立即發言阻止手術進行。
During the 'time-out,' the entire surgical team must verify the correct patient, procedure, and operative site immediately before incision. This critical safety step prevents wrong-site surgery and ensures all documentation, such as consent, is present. Other tasks like instrument counting or antibiotic administration occur at different stages of the perioperative process.
美國非常強調「雙向主動溝通」，Time-out 時所有人必須放下手中工作參與查核。台灣雖然也有執行 Time-out，但在 NCLEX 考試中，這被視為法律與倫理的高標，護理師被賦予「若有疑慮可叫停整個手術」的權力。