護理師教導病人正確的手部衛生，哪句話顯示病人已經理解？
A nurse is teaching a client about proper hand hygiene. Which statement indicates the client understands?
- AI should use alcohol-based hand rub if my hands are visibly soiled.如果我的雙手明顯髒污，我應該使用酒精性乾洗手。
- BHot water is more effective than warm water.熱水比溫水更有效。
- CI only need to wash my hands after using the restroom.我只需要在如廁後洗手。
- DI should scrub my hands for at least 20 seconds.✓ 正解我應該搓揉雙手至少 20 秒。
手部衛生是預防醫療照護相關感染（HAI）最有效的手段。根據 WHO 與 CDC 指引，使用肥皂與水洗手時，搓揉過程至少需 20 秒，這是透過物理摩擦移除表面微生物的必要時間。手部若有可見污垢（Visibly soiled），酒精無法穿透污垢殺菌，必須使用水沖洗。此題考驗對基本 Infection Control 執行的細節要求。
Hand hygiene is the most effective measure for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). According to WHO and CDC guidelines, when washing hands with soap and water, the scrubbing process must last at least 20 seconds, which is the time required to physically remove surface microorganisms. If the hands are visibly soiled, alcohol cannot penetrate the soil to disinfect, so they must be rinsed with water. This question tests the detailed execution of basic infection control.