— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
下列哪位病人發展出憂鬱症的風險最高？
Which client is at the highest risk for developing depression?
- AA client who is married and socially active已婚且社交活躍的個案
- BA client who has recently experienced multiple life stressors✓ 正解近期經歷多重生活壓力事件的個案
- CA client with good coping skills and a healthy diet具備良好調適技巧且飲食健康的個案
- DA client with a supportive family and a stable job擁有支持性家庭及穩定工作的個案
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
憂鬱症的成因多為壓力源累積（Life stressors）。近期面臨多重壓力（如喪偶、失業、疾病）的病人，其調適能力易耗盡。其他選項（家庭支持、穩定工作、社交活躍、調適技巧）皆為保護因子（Protective factors），能降低憂鬱的發生率。
Depression is often caused by accumulated life stressors. Patients facing recent multiple stressors (such as bereavement, unemployment, or illness) easily exhaust their coping abilities. The other options (family support, stable employment, social engagement, coping skills) are protective factors that reduce the incidence of depression.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地心理健康評估準則一致；美國護理師在門診常使用標準化憂鬱篩檢工具，台灣亦逐漸推廣。