— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為需要空氣傳播預防措施的病人制定護理計畫，應包含什麼？
A nurse is planning care for a client requiring airborne precautions. What should the nurse include?
- AWearing a surgical mask when entering the room進入房間時佩戴外科口罩
- BEnsuring the client washes their hands hourly確保病人每小時洗手
- CLimiting the client to a semi-private room將病人限制在半私人病房
- DAssigning the client to a negative-pressure private room✓ 正解將病人安置於負壓單人隔離病房
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對空氣傳播（Airborne precautions）的疾病，如肺結核、麻疹、水痘，病原體可懸浮於空氣中長距離傳播。因此，病人必須安置於負壓隔離室（Negative-pressure room），以確保空氣只進不出，防止病原體進入走廊。此外，護理師進入病房時必須佩戴 N95 口罩，因為一般外科口罩無法過濾空氣中的微小飛沫核。
For diseases requiring airborne precautions, such as tuberculosis, measles, and varicella, the pathogen can remain suspended in air and travel long distances. Therefore, the client must be placed in a negative-pressure isolation room to ensure airflow goes inward only and prevents pathogen escape into the corridor. In addition, nurses must wear an N95 respirator when entering the room because a regular surgical mask cannot filter the small airborne droplet nuclei.