護理師在高度警戒單位工作，下列哪種情況涉及「自主原則（Autonomy）」的倫理難題？
A nurse is working on a high-acuity unit. Which situation represents an ethical dilemma involving the principle of autonomy?
- AProviding the same quality of care to all patients regardless of insurance status無論保險狀況如何，提供相同品質的照護
- BRefusing to administer a medication that is contraindicated due to allergy拒絕給予因過敏而禁忌的藥物
- CWithholding information from a terminally ill patient per family request✓ 正解應家屬要求，不對末期病人透露資訊
- DDiscussing the risks and benefits of a surgery with a patient who is confused與意識混亂的病人討論手術的風險與益處
自主原則（Autonomy）是指尊重病人擁有對自身醫療照護做出決定的權利。在倫理難題中，當病人被診斷為末期疾病，即便家屬基於「保護心理」要求隱瞞病情，若病人表達了知情意願，護理師必須平衡家屬的關切與尊重病人的自主權。隱瞞病情會剝奪病人參與醫療決策、安排臨終規劃的權利，這正是自主原則遭受侵犯的典型倫理衝突。
Withholding information from a terminally ill patient at the family's request violates the ethical principle of autonomy, which respects the patient's right to make informed decisions about their own care. Although families may wish to protect the patient, the nurse must prioritize the patient's legal and ethical right to know their diagnosis to participate in end-of-life planning.
在美國，病人自主權（Patient Autonomy）與知情同意（Informed Consent）法律地位極高。若病人具備決策能力，即便家屬強力要求隱瞞，護理師與醫師仍須優先尊重病人知情權，通常會由社會工作師（Social Worker）或倫理委員會（Ethics Committee）協助溝通。