— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備為病人輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。下列哪項發現需立即介入？
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin to a client. Which observation requires immediate intervention?
- AThe infusion site shows no signs of redness or swelling輸注部位沒有紅腫跡象
- BThe client has a history of penicillin allergy病人有青黴素過敏史
- CThe infusion rate is 1,000 mg over 30 minutes✓ 正解輸注速率為 30 分鐘內 1,000 mg
- DThe client reports a mild metallic taste病人報告有輕微的金屬味
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素輸注過快會引起「紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）」，表現為全身潮紅、低血壓與心跳過速。標準輸注時間應至少 60 分鐘以上。30 分鐘的速度過快，極易引發嚴重的組胺釋放反應，必須立即調慢速度。
Vancomycin must be infused slowly, typically over at least 60 minutes, to prevent Red Man Syndrome, which involves histamine release causing flushing and hypotension. An infusion rate of 1,000 mg over 30 minutes is too rapid and requires immediate intervention to slow the administration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆高度重視輸注速度，但美國常由藥師設定輸注泵參數，台灣護理師執行調整頻率較高。